I was setting up Intune recently, and had an issue whereby after enrolling a Mac via the Company Portal all, I was only getting one single profile in Device Management called Management Profile.

This profile is the basic profile with the initial configuration payload for Intune, however no matter what I did, the Mac simply wouldn’t get any more profiles from Intune.

As it turns out, the issue preventing this from working was that the MDM Authority for the Microsoft 365 tenancy hadn’t been set – and Intune wasn’t giving any errors, nor was it prompting me to set it.

https://intune.microsoft.com/#view/Microsoft_Intune_Enrollment/ChooseMDMAuthorityBlade

After going in and configuring the MDM Authority via the link above, the Macs immediately started to download the additional configuration profiles from Intune and things generally started to work.